Lesson 4

Galatians, Part 1

The gospel comes from God and justifies sinners through faith in Christ—not works of the law or added entrance requirements.

Primary textGalatians 1–2
Related church decisionActs 15

When an addition changes the gospel

The Galatian dispute is not a minor disagreement about preferences. If Gentile believers must take on additional identity markers to belong fully to God’s people, then Christ’s work is no longer treated as sufficient.

Galatians 1

The crisis

Identify what has unsettled the churches and why Paul treats a distorted gospel with such urgency.

Galatians 1–2

The gospel’s source

Trace both God’s initiative in revealing the gospel and the church’s recognition of Paul’s ministry.

Galatians 2

Justification by faith

Ask what makes a sinner right with God and why no human achievement can complete Christ’s work.

The shared table

Doctrine becomes conduct

Peter’s withdrawal teaches something false through behavior: that Gentile believers do not fully belong without becoming like Jews.

Central question

Why does Paul treat the way believers share a table as a test of whether they are walking in line with the gospel?

Discuss

  1. What was being added to faith in Christ, and why did that addition threaten the gospel?
  2. How can Paul receive the gospel by revelation and still submit his ministry to public recognition and accountability?
  3. What did Peter’s table choice communicate to Jewish and Gentile believers?
  4. What modern entrance requirements can quietly threaten equal belonging in Christ?

Before Lesson 5

Galatians, Part 2

Read Galatians 3–6. Mark each appearance of promise, law, faith, Spirit, flesh, freedom, and love. Ask how grace produces obedience without slavery.